The present official supplementary reference document was specifically prepared and officially released by the  specialists of the world respected Electro Static Technology ITW and is primarily dedicated to the VFD, standing for the variable frequency drives. When the PWM VFD, i.e. pulse width modulation drives were developed using IGBTs, i.e. the insulated gate bipolar transistors, this advanced and newly presented technology was first applied to controlling electric induction motors in both commercial and industrial applications.

The advantages were obvious: Torque and motor speed could now be precisely controlled to optimize both process and energy requirements, The potential to save energy by operating motors at only the required speed and, at the same time, maintaining applicable torque requirements would potentially result in a 20% to 50% energy savings, Processes can be optimized and controlled by computer processing systems to achieve productivity increases or energy savings.

Nowadays, the use of these variable frequency drives is slowly getting increasingly common when making attempts to save the energy in HVAC systems and to reduce the associated energy costs. When using the VFD technology, please note as necessary that this type of motors shall always have the bearing protection in order to ensure reliability and safe operation.

SFOC is standing for the Specific Fuel Oil Consumption. The associated methods of optimization are covered within this publication released by MAN B&W for their two-stroke IMO Tier II diesel engines. Here is the contents: Introduction; Influence of Nitrogen Oxide Regulations on reduced Specific Fuel Oil Consumption; Engine Turning Methods (Available Exhaust Gas Bypass, Variable Turbine Area and/or Turbine Geometry, Engine Control Tuning); Potential Fuel Savings on Low-Load Operation; Summary. One of the main objectives in the maritime industry of today is the reduction of the impact the carbon dioxide release has to the atmosphere...

Crossing an ocean under sail today is not an especially risky undertaking. Accurate offshore navigation—for so long an impossible dream—has now been reduced to the press of a button, and most modern yachts are strong enough to survive all but the most extreme weather. Even if errors, accidents, or hurricanes should put a boat in danger, radio communications give the crew a good chance of being rescued.

Few sailors now lose their lives on the open ocean: crowded inshore waters where the risk of collision is high are far more hazardous. But it was not always so. When a young man called Alvaro de Mendana set sail from Peru in November 1567 to cross the Pacific with two small ships, accompanied by 150 sailors and soldiers and four Franciscan friars, he faced difficulties so great that his chances of survival, let alone achieving his objectives, were slim. Mendana's orders from his uncle, the Spanish viceroy, were to convert any "infidels" he encountered to Christianity, but the expedition was certainly not motivated entirely by religious zeal.

According to Inca legend, great riches lay on islands somewhere to the west. Were these islands perhaps outliers of the great southern continent that was believed to lie hidden somewhere in the unexplored South Seas? Mendana, who was twenty-five, hoped to find the answer, to set up a new Spanish colony, to make his fortune and win glory. However, any optimism he may have felt as the coast of Peru dipped below the horizon would have been misplaced.

Although Magellan had managed to cross the Pacific from east to west in 1520-21, he had been killed in fighting with local people after reaching the Philippines, and only four out of the forty-four men who sailed with him aboard his small flagship had returned safely to Spain. This first epic circumnavigation was counted as a brilliant success, but other expeditions ended in oblivion.

The present book begins with the very brief intro to the basics of the semiconductor technology, including their structure, band theory of crystals and description of the energy level diagram. Difference between extrinsic and intrinsic semiconductors is explained in this opening chapter, and types (N- and P-) of the extrinsic ones have also been covered together with some other information.

The next chapter has been dedicated to the semiconductor junction diodes while the third one addresses the diode circuits and provides the necessary information about clippers, clampers, rectifiers, comparators, filter circuits, voltage multiplying circuits etc. Then there comes a chapters dealing with the transistors, integrated circuits, and their fabrications.

The rest of the titles include transistor biaising techniques, two-port network theory and circuit models, small signal basic amplifiers, multistage and feedback amplifiers, power, tuned and wideband amplifiers, oscillators, multi-vibrators, basic logic gates, and other information. Definitely needful publication for the electricians and all people dealing with the design, maintenance and repair of the electrical equipment and systems.

This remarkable work by Michael Connolly is tracing the rise of the American-Irish community of immigrants in Portland, Maine looking at its control of the waterfront labour over nearly a century. The present publication shall be treated as invaluable contribution to the local labour history situating its subject within much broader picture of American history at the crucial times during the formation of the social and economic identity of the nation.

The author has vivdly revealed how the maritime culture of America has declined over quite a short period of time. The author has provided the crucial professional insight into the ethnic dimension of the longshoremen of New England. He has offered his readers a truly in-depth scientific study of the on-shore labour forces making the port function for a century...

Here are some topics covered within this pack containing the most important proceedings and technical papers of the second ISSW held in Osaka, Japan some years ago with the best experts participating. The first session of the document is dedicated to the surf-riding, broaching as well as capsizing of the ships in following and quartering seas, providing some remarks on such phenomenon as broaching, and addressing various geometrical aspects.

The second session deals solely with capsizing of the vessel in following and quartering seas, including research of the parametric resonance of the vessel in astern seas and results of the studies on the transverse ship stability of a HSC (high speed craft).  The third session covers the capsizing of the ship in beam seas, including non-linear roll motion of a vessel with water-on-deck in irregular waves.

The three remaining sessions of the document are all related to the damage stability of the vessel and address capsize model experiments with a damaged vessel model, new probabilistic approaches to the stability of the damaged ship and assessment of the survivability, and ship capsize dynamics under condition of the flooded internal spaces including shifting of cargo.

This excellent publication contains fourteen different and very interesting stories all of them have been perfectly written; the content of the volume is actually proving the fact that the maritime history is forcing people to get their concepts of time and space significantly re-thought, and same applies to their knowledge.

The book will help people properly understand the past and also let them clarify how exactly the globalization processes took place. In fact, this is a brilliant collection of nice essays examining the whole history of the oceanic culture together with the effect all around the planet. The authors of the book have managed to gather the pirate captains, island culture and even Chinese junks making an attempt of charting the ways human beings did exploit the possibilities that were offered to them by the maritime environments.

The book seeks to transcend the oceans and stress the so-called interconnectedness between sea and land. In short, we may say that this book is forming a valuable worldwide contribution to the ocean history. Needless to say that the content of this publication is deservedly expected to be of great use for all people with the interest in maritime history.

The naval strategy of today has been merged with the general army strategy including the air and land warfare. It is constantly evolving, following the major changed in the world situation and the associated technologies are improving, accordingly. The present document contains a wealth of useful information for the people willing to be updated with all recent happenings in the field.

The book starts with the description of both maritime policy and naval strategy together with the changes, followed by the marine technology companies fueling the maritime business. The next chapter is dedicated to the cybersecurity in the Navy achieved through the network consolidation. The evaluation and operational tests of the marine aviation have also been covered. The book also addresses the official regulations released by the recognized regulatory bodies, for example the IMO BWM, i.e. "Ballast Water Management" convention.

In short, the content of this Special Report is dealing with all important aspects of the contemporary surface warfare and is therefore expected to be of great interest to the professionals in this industry; however, the content will also serve as a good guide to other readers as it has been compiled based on the valuable contributions provided by the world recognized specialists.