14.04.2025
REED'S MATHEMATICS FOR ENGINEERS

Here is one piece of pure classics – the “Mathematics for Engineers” title belonging to the world-famous Reed’s series of publications. Note that there are several volumes of the subject series available here, for example Reed’s Basic Electrotechnology for Engineers, Reed’s General Engineering Knowledge for Marine Engineers, Reed's Naval Architecture for Marine Engineers, Reed’s Motor Engineering Knowledge for Marine Engineers, and so many others.

According to the author, the main goal was to provide readers preparing for their Second Class Engineer’s COC exams, with all necessary information they may need, in a single book. In fact, he managed to go so far beyond the traditional practice of giving ready bare answers to the questions.

Instead, each of them has been provided with the detailed solutions, where the reader is guided step by step to the final. Each of the sections of this publication deals with the particular topic, starting from the very basic principles, and then covering literally all syllabus. Note that the text part is supplemented with the numerous worked examples and additional information for easier understanding of the material.

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14.04.2025
Layout of the Rig Floor

The rig floor is the business end of the drilling machine. It is the place where the drilling operation is controlled and where accidents and disasters can be prevented. The rig floor area is under the command of the Driller, the most important person on a drilling rig, because he is the person with the hands on the controls for the drilling machine and also receives alarms and signals from the well directly on his various control panels. The Driller is in charge of the rig crew. He reports to his supervisors which is the Tourpusher and Toolpusher.

A lot of planning is included when building a new drilling rig. The result is often an improvement over existing rigs. When a rig floor is designed there is often collaboration between Drillers, Rig Owner, Engineers and other people with a vested interest in the success of the project.

The layout must consider a number of criteria, including “must do” and “must not do” as well as “need this” and “got to have that”. It is like designing a dream home, everything has to fit perfectly and compromises are only acceptable in the small claims department.

The main elements on and around the rig floor include:

• Doghouse – The drillers control room, where all the main controls for the rig floor area is located.,

• Drawworks – the power winch that lift or lowers drill string into the well. Part of hoisting system which includes mast or derrick, Drill line, Crown block with sheaves, Travelling block with sheaves and finally the drill line and anchor.,

• Derrick/Mast – Supports all the weight of the drill string and allows lengths of pipe to be lifted or lowered into the well and allows racking of lengths of tubular to be racked (stored) in stands when not in use.,

• Rotary table – Where the drill string enters the hole and where slips and other tools are used to suspend drill string and add or reduce number off tools to be run into the hole.,

• Pipe handling equipment – “Automatic” addition or removal of stands from drill string sometimes including stand building capacity.,

• Iron Roughneck – Machine used for Make-up or break-out of tubular in the drill string. Removes the dangerous use of manual operation with rig tongs.,

• Rig tongs (Manual) – Manual tong used for make-up or break-out of tubular in the drill string.,

• BOP control panel – Where the Driller controls the Blowout Preventer Stack. It allows the Driller to close-in the well.,

There are quite a few instruments for the Driller to observe and control and quite a few of the instruments/gauges and buttons seems to be added to the initial set-up giving the overall impression of the cabin as being cluttered and confusing. This is unfortunately quite often the picture of a Drillers Cabin, or Dog house. All sensors and data required for the driller are available on the two screens.

The concept of operating a drilling rig entirely just by two joy-sticks and two screens can be a challenge to the older generation of drillers. They do not like to rely solely on a computer manufacturer to make all the rig safety devices work. Especially when talking about well control equipment (BOP). But this is the future and it creates even higher demands on rig crew competencies than ever before.

Rig crews in the future must be multi-skilled specialists trained to work with and maintain special equipment and tools not seen in any other industry. Additional equipment usually placed on the rig floor or in the immediate vicinity includes:

• Air winches – Winches either air- or Hydraulic driven with a load range approx. 10000 lb. used for lifting pipe to the rig floor from the pipe deck or used for lifting heavy things around on the rig floor or even for lifting and hang off equipment in the Derrick. One type of air winch must also be available on the rig floor and this is a winch which must be used for lifting personnel and only be used for this purpose.,

• Standpipe manifold – A system of valves piping and connections used for routing drilling fluid piped up from pump room to standpipe(s) in the Derrick into the mud hose (Kelly hose) through the swivel and down the drill string.,

• Choke manifold – A system of valves piping and connections used in well control situations where BOP is closed and mud and well bore fluids coming from the well (Annulus) are routed from the BOP up the choke line to the choke manifold and then through the choke and the Mud/gas separator where gas is removed from the mud and then over shale shaker and to the mud process tanks.,

• Pipe rack – Racking area on the pipe deck. On a land rig special racks are built so that pipe can be rolled right onto the catwalk and the hoisted to the rig floor. Horizontal pipe storage area for pipe or casing.,

• Catwalk – Movable walkway where pipe is landed when removed from rig floor to pipe deck storage or vice versa. This walkway is also attached to the V-Door ramp which is the slide coming from rig floor towards pipe deck.,

The rig floor has to accommodate all these tools and equipment and it is even more complicated by the fact that electrical systems may have to be explosion proof. This includes making the equipment electrically safe and spark proof to prevent accidental fires and explosions if gas or oil leaks out of the well. EX proofing is expensive and under stringent requirements and special training is required for electricians working with this type of equipment.

It is an amazing engineering feat to see the complex jumble of high-pressure piping, air lines, mud hoses, hydraulic hoses/piping and electrical wiring fitted underneath the rig floor and terminating up through the rig floor in just the right place.

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13.04.2025
SHIPHANDLING FOR THE MARINER

Presented to your kind attention here is the fifth, thoroughly revised and updated, edition of one of the most popular titles on ship navigation available today, retaining the clear and easily followable explanations making reading a pleasure even for the people with limited knowledge and experience in navigating marine ships.

The father and son were the team that created the subject work, of course with many valuable contributions provided by the expert masters and pilots. All basic maneuvers that are normally taking place during the regular shiphandling, as well as when docking and undocking the vessel, have been covered in detail.

The authors also addressed many of the critically important activities including, but not limited to the anchoring and passing them locks, lightering offshore, buoy moorings, bridge practices, and even simulator training. All materials presented in the pages of this volume are explained in a quite nontechnical way so one could start immediately. Make sure you have a copy of this book on your bookshelf.

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13.04.2025
DESIGNING ADAPTABLE SHIPS: MODULARITY AND FLEXIBILITY IN FUTURE SHIP DESIGNS

The American Navy is currently encountering significant challenges in acquiring and maintaining the appropriate number and types of ships necessary to fulfill national security obligations. Warships are costly, often amounting to billions of dollars, which forces the Navy to make difficult decisions each year about which vessels to purchase with limited defense budgets. These challenges would be formidable under stable circumstances.

However, the changing landscape of adversaries, mission requirements, and advancing technologies necessitates new capabilities for naval vessels. Given the steep expenses associated with procuring new warships, the Navy aims to prolong the service lives of existing ships by modifying them to address emerging threats, undertake new missions, and integrate advanced technologies.

Nevertheless, such modernization efforts are also costly and may be limited by existing support systems and the ships' configurations. The essential concepts of flexibility and modularity have been significantly promoted as potential strategies to decrease both the time and expense involved in modernizing active ships and to better prepare for future uncertainties.

The Navy has implemented these ideas in various programs, and they are increasingly being acknowledged and incorporated into ship design and construction initiatives. However, modularity and flexibility can mean different things to different stakeholders, and they may not, by themselves, ensure future adaptability. Additionally, there are obstacles to the broader application of modularity and flexibility across different classes of ships.

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13.04.2025
SHIP-PORT INTERFACE GUIDE —PRACTICAL MEASURES TO REDUCE GHG EMISSIONS

International efforts to tackle greenhouse gas, or GHG, emissions encompass the Paris Agreement and its associated goals, along with the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its Sustainable Development Goal 13, referred to as SDG 13 and prescribing to take urgent action for combating climate change together with its impacts. As part of the commitment to global emission reduction, the IMO adopted Res. MEPC.304(72), which outlines the Initial IMO Strategy for reducing GHG emissions from ships.

This strategy envisions not only the reduction of GHG emissions from international shipping but also their eventual phase-out within this century. The Strategy identifies a range of candidate measures across short, mid, and long-term categories that the IMO can develop further to meet its ambitious targets. Among these short-term measures is a call to promote global port developments and activities that help reduce GHG emissions from shipping. This includes offering ships and shoreside/onshore power supplies from renewable sources, establishing infrastructure for alternative low-carbon and zero-carbon fuels, and optimizing logistics planning across ports. Additionally, the critical role of ports within the broader supply chain and their potential to contribute to GHG emissions reduction in shipping has been recognized through the adoption of Res. MEPC.323(74), inviting member states to encourage voluntary collaboration between the port and shipping sectors to aid in lowering GHG emissions.

To support the maritime industry in achieving the IMO’s emission reduction targets and fostering greener shipping practices, this guide serves as a call to action for the port and shipping sectors to facilitate GHG emissions reductions at the ship-port interface. It is particularly valuable for stakeholders including shipowners, ship operators, charterers, ship agents, shipbrokers, port authorities, terminals, nautical service providers, and others who play crucial roles in implementing necessary changes and adopting emission reduction measures within the ship-port interface.

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13.04.2025
SAILING THE ANNAPOLIS WAY

This book is designed for the first-time sailor who has either just acquired their own boat or is learning on a friend's vessel. It also serves as a valuable resource for experienced sailors, providing material and lesson plans for teaching others to sail. "Sailing 'The Annapolis Way,' " like the Annapolis Sailing School, emphasizes hands-on learning.

In many parts of the world, qualified sailing instruction may be lacking. While having an instructor can help you learn more quickly and safely than teaching yourself, this book is intended to guide you through various aspects of sailing without relying solely on a trained expert. Throughout the text, we will remind you: Do not attempt to sail without someone on board who has at least some sailing experience.

Please take this advice seriously; in sailing, it's often your lack of knowledge that can lead to trouble. For the past twenty-five years, "The Annapolis Way" has been effectively used to teach individuals how to sail keelboats around 24 feet in length. This book aims to instruct those with small centerboard boats, larger swing-keel boats, or full-keel boats up to 28 feet long.

We will not cover windsurfing—though the underlying aerodynamic principles apply—or racing, which can simply be seen as getting from point A to point B quickly. If you sail your boat correctly, you will indeed be sailing it rapidly.

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13.04.2025
SEAFARING AND CIVILIZATION

This study examines selected themes in the evolution of human civilizations through a maritime lens. It does not aspire to provide a comprehensive account of world history in chronological or geographical terms. Instead, it aims to highlight the significant role that seafaring has played in human achievements. While the contributions of seafarers and seafaring to the progress of civilization is a fascinating and diverse topic, it is important to acknowledge that there are many aspects of human activity that are not directly related to seafaring.

A central theme of the book is the development of maritime networks that have connected various societies and civilizations. These networks have served as vital channels for the exchange and distribution of goods, the projection of political and economic power, and the spread of ideologies and cultures. Broadly speaking, these networks can be categorized as either economic or political. Economic networks primarily involve trade, allowing states or organizations to extract, distribute, transform, and consume resources such as food, metals, and timber.

Political networks consist of maritime empires or confederacies where dominant groups direct the efforts of others to fulfill their needs. In practice, these two categories often overlap. The most successful seafaring civilizations can be identified as those that have adeptly leveraged both economic and political networks to accomplish their objectives.

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13.04.2025
SATELLITE COMPASS

Here is a compact and concise practical guide developed for those who need some introductory information about the GNSS transmitting devices commonly used onboard contemporary ships for the purpose of marine navigation. They say that the real revolution in the field of marine navigation actually took place with the invention of the marine compass some thousand years back, no one knows for sure when exactly.

Having the marine compass and the speed log, the seafarers got the opportunity to conduct much safer voyages. Another revolution occurred in the beginning of the last century when the hyberbolic radionavigation means, and then satellite navigation systems were presented, which eventually allowed to go without the historically traditional practice of dead reckoning.

In this guide the authors are trying to provide some short yet understandable explanations of the working principles of the modern satellite-based technologies and how they manage to comply with the heading data requirements.

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